A RAPID HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN DAM

Many Dams have been constructed in different parts of the world and for different purposes. While these dams have in most cases served the reason for their construction, the resultant environmental impact have been a subject of concern. The creation of a reservoir not only changes the ecology and hydrology of the environment, the lives of nearby residents is also affected. This study assessed the impact of the University of Ilorin Dam on the health condition of the University community. The Dam was built for the main purpose of water supply to university community. Data on the water related disease reported and documented at the university clinic was obtained to cover pre and post construction period while the perception and behavioral pattern of the community as related to water and sanitation was studied with the help of a structured questionnaire. The chi-squared test was applied to establish that a relationship do exist between the dam construction and the occurrence of some diseases especially Malaria. The study have also shown that the dam imposes no significant negative health impact on the university community. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.28

Evaluation of Willingness to Pay for Reliable and Sustainable household Water Use in Ilorin, Nigeria

This study focused on the evaluation of willingness-to-pay (WTP) for sustainable household water use in Ilorin, Nigeria. The study involved assessment of the existing water supply situation particularly considering water use indicators such as demography, adequacy of existing water supply system and WTP for reliable supply. Field work involved the use of structured questionnaire to obtain data on household water use and WTP for a reliable water supply of the sampled houses consisting three land use patterns. Stata/SE 8.0 and Microsoft EXCEL software were employed to evaluate the variables that affect WTP for improved household water use while ccontingency Valuation Method was adopted to evaluate the WTP for reliable and sustainable service delivery. The findings of the study revealed that: approximately 70 % of total sampled households were connected to municipal supply out of which 13 % indicated satisfaction in terms of sufficiency and 87 % used alternative sources to augment water supply; consumers are willing to pay an average sum of N737.22 per month for improved water supply services and; gender, water quality and household income level have significant impact on WTP at 5% level of significance. There is the need to put in place a framework to enhance improvement of system reliability and sustainability.Keywords: Evaluation, willingness, reliability, sustainability, household, wate

Role of Geomatics in the Management of Disasters and Infrastructural Failures

The article identifies the role of Geomatics in the highly interdisciplinary disaster management to include identification and mapping of hazard prone areas, deformation monitoring of hazard prone areas and massive engineering structures, production of rescue maps and assessment of damages among others. A case study of surveying activities in the proposed flood management of Asa River in Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria was presented. The study identified possible causes of the flood to include silting along the river, blockades of free flow of water resulting from human activities such as dumping of refuse in the river and natural causes such as growth of vegetation along the river channel. The study recommends the development and deployment of Geomatics potentials in the three phases of disaster management namely; pre-disaster phase, disaster phase and post disaster phase.Keywords: Geomatics, Disaster, Mapping, Assessment, Managemen

THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE FREE FLOW SPEED ON AN ARTERIAL IN ILORIN, NIGERIA

 Generic factors (weather, environment, vehicles, fixed roadway characteristics, pedestrian and traffic streams) singly or jointly influence the free flow speed. This paper, therefore, presents the outcome of the quantitative evaluation of the influence of these factors on the free flow speed on an arterial in a medium-sized urban settlement in Nigeria. Instantaneous speeds of forty test vehicles were observed at lull periods on the 7.1km-Offa Garage-Emir’s Road, Ilorin, with simultaneous collection of data on drivers’ and vehicle ages, passenger occupancy, roadside parked vehicles and businesses. The geometric properties of the arterial were earlier established and segmented to four uniform sections. Result of computations using the category and statistical analysis show that the environment, pedestrian and roadway geometry have negative influences on the free flow speed. This can be confirmed by the poor relationship between free flow speed and these factors, with R2 values of 14.9-55%, and lower average free flow speed of commercial saloon cars on wet pavement than on dry pavement, with 12% percentage reduction. Adoption of design and analysis of traffic stream in Ilorin and other urban settlements in Nigeria is, therefore, recommended. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v35i3.

Pragmatic approach to the combination and selection of tanks for water distribution pipe network based on pressure simulation

No Abstrac

Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste Management System and Willingness-To-Pay for its Improvements in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

This paper reports the evaluation of households’ usage of the current solid waste management system (SWMS) within the city of Ilorin, central Nigeria and investigates the determinants of household’s willingness-to-Pay (WTP) for its improvement. Data was collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire administered to households within four neighbourhoods that represent the major subdivisions in the metropolis. The multiple regression model was applied in explaining household’s usage of the current system and WTP.The study found that 36% and 64% respectively of the households were unsatisfied and moderately satisfied with the current waste management system.The combined effect of household’s demographic profiles, geometric profile and position of waste management facility gave a significant fitted model to show the relationship between household’s willingness to pay and the considered predictors.http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v34i4.2

Evaluation of Supply Variability of Household Water Use in Ilorin Metropolis, North Central Nigeria

No Abstrac

Development of storm hydrographs for three rivers within drainage network in Kwara state, Nigeria using Snyder's method

This paper presents the development of unit and storm hydrographs for Rivers Moro, Asa and Oyun catchment. Snyder's method was used to develop the unit hydrographs; while the SCS Curve Number method was used to estimate excess rainfall values from rainfall depth of different return periods. The design storm hydrographs corresponding to.the excess rainfall values were determined based on the unit hydrograph ordinates established through convolution. The design storm hydrograph obtain~d for Moro River catchment based on 5-yr, 20~yr~ 50-yr, 100-yr and 200-yr return period ranged between 245.29m3/s and 685.84m3/s. That of Asa River catchment varied from 301.34m3/s to 846.46m3/s and the design storm hydrograph flows obtained for Oyun River catchment varied from 257 .29m3/s to 723.56m3/s. The design storm hydrograph flows obtained can be recommended for sizing hydraulic structures within Kwara State drainage network.Keywords: Unit hydrograph, stonn hydrograph, storm duration, River catchment and recurrence interva

Probabilistic Analysis of Peak Daily Rainfall for Prediction purposes in Selected Areas of Northern Nigeria

In this study, probability analysis was performed on peak daily rainfall data in order to predict rainfall interval values and to determine the best fit functions in some parts of Nigeria. The selected towns are Kaduna, Kano, Yola, Jos, Damaturu and Maiduguri. The obtained peak daily rainfall values were subjected to Gumbel, Log-Gumbel, Normal, Log-Normal, Pearson and Log-Pearson probability distributions. Mathematical equation for probability distribution functions were established for each town and used to predict peak rainfall. The predicted values were subjected to goodness of fit tests such as Chi-square, Correlation Coefficient, Coefficient of Determination and Errors of Estimates to determine how best the fits are. The model that satisfies the tests adequately was selected as the best fit model. The study revealed that the peak rainfall at Kaduna, Jos, Kano, Yola and Damaturu are best fitted by log-Gumbel, while log- Pearson distribution is suitable for predicting peak rainfall in Maiduguri. The result also shows that the occurrences of peak daily rainfall depth of 100 mm and above are rare in the selected areas.Keywords: Peak rainfall, Probability distribution models, Return period, Probability interval and goodness of fit test